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(الهجرة
السكان -):
المدن الصغر=
09;
والمدن المت=
08;سطة
:نقاط جذب
للهجرة أم
نقاط العبور</ti=
tle>
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الصغرى
والمدن
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جذب للهجرة أ=
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نقاط العبور</sp=
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y:"Times New Roman","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"MS Mincho"'>أنجز
مركز
الدراسات
والأبحاث <span class=3DSpel=
lE>الديموغراف&#=
1610;ة</span>
بمديرية <span class=3DSpellE>=
75;لاحصاء</span>
بحثا عن
الهجرة
الداخلية،
ونشره في
سبتمبر 1993· وقž=
3;
حددت الدراس=
77;
دور المدن
الصغرى
والمتوسطة ف=
10;
كونها "عناصž=
5;
أساسية في ال=
578;نمية
الاقتصادية
والتنمية <span class=3DSpel=
lE>الجهوية</span>
وتنظيم
الفضاء، خاص=
77;
في <span class=3DSpellE>ميكان=
10;زم</span>
تخفيف الهجر=
77;
القروية</span><span dir=3DLTR></s=
pan><span
dir=3DLTR style=3D'font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"MS Mincho"'><span dir=3DLTR></span>"·<=
/span><span
lang=3DAR-SA style=3D'font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif=
";
mso-fareast-font-family:"MS Mincho"'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoPlainText dir=3DRTL style=3D'text-align:justify;direction:rtl;
unicode-bidi:embed'><span dir=3DLTR style=3D'font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"=
Times New Roman","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"MS Mincho"'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoPlainText dir=3DRTL style=3D'text-align:justify;direction:rtl;
unicode-bidi:embed'><span lang=3DAR-SA style=3D'font-size:14.0pt;font-famil=
y:"Times New Roman","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"MS Mincho"'>واعتب=
585;ت
الدراسة
المدن الصغر=
09;
والمتوسطة ب=
05;ثابة
محرك لتنمية
الجهة، حيث أ=
606;
تقوية الأطر
الاجتماعية
والاقتصادي=
7;
بهذه المدن،
يولد التشغي=
04;
في القطاعات
القائمة،
ويمكن للفلا=
81;ة
أن تتقوى في
محيط هذه
المدن، مما
سيؤثر ايجاب=
10;ا
على وثيرة نم=
608;
المدينة
ويساهم في نم=
608;
الجهة· وأكد=
578;
الدراسة على
التفاعل بين
التنمية
الاقتصادية
والاجتماعي=
7; <span
class=3DSpellE>الجهوية</span>
وبين العوام=
04;
السياسية،<span
style=3D'mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>ذلك
أن "تعقيدات
الرهانات
الوطنية حيث
متنوعة وغير
مستقرة، <span class=3DSpellE>=
75;لى</span>
درجة تجعل من
غير الممكن
انطلاق سياس=
77;
تنمية <span class=3DSpellE>جه=
08;ية</span>،
بدون انطلاق
عملية
اللامركزية
التي تعطي لل=
580;هة
جميع <span class=3DSpellE>الا=
05;كانيات</span>
لتنفيذ سياس=
77;
موجهة نحو
استعمال
ثرواتها الخ=
75;صة
<span class=3DSpellE>بها</span> <span class=3DSpellE>=
08;اشباع</span>
قسم هام من
حاجياتها،
وخاصة
حاجياتها
الغذائية"·<o:p>=
</o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoPlainText dir=3DRTL style=3D'text-align:justify;direction:rtl;
unicode-bidi:embed'><span lang=3DAR-SA style=3D'font-size:14.0pt;font-famil=
y:"Times New Roman","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"MS Mincho"'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoPlainText dir=3DRTL style=3D'text-align:justify;direction:rtl;
unicode-bidi:embed'><span lang=3DAR-SA style=3D'font-size:14.0pt;font-famil=
y:"Times New Roman","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"MS Mincho"'>ومن
استغلال
معطيات <span class=3DSpellE>ا=
04;احصاء</span>
العام للسكا=
06;
والسكنى لسن=
77;
1982، بين البحث
أن 30% من سكان
المدن الصغر=
09;
والمتوسطة
أصلهم من
الوسط
القروي،
بينما نسبة ا=
604;سكان
من أصل حضري
والذين ولدو=
75;
خارج المدين=
77;
المعنية لا
يتعدى 14.1</span><span dir=3DLTR></span><span
dir=3DLTR style=3D'font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"MS Mincho"'><span dir=3DLTR></span>%·</span=
><span
dir=3DRTL></span><span lang=3DAR-SA style=3D'font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"=
Times New Roman","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"MS Mincho"'><span dir=3DRTL></span>. <span class=
=3DGramE>ففي</span>
المدن التي
يتراوح عدد
سكانها بين 5.000 =
08;
100.000 <span class=3DGramE>نسمة</span>،
تبلغ نسبة
المولودين ف=
10;
عين المكان 59% و
26% · وتزداد
نسبة الحضري=
10;ن
الجدد في
المدن التي
يبلغ عدد
سكانها أقل م=
606;
2.500 نسمة أو <span class=3DGramE>¡=
0;بلغ
<span style=3D'mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>بين</span> =
20.000
و 50.000 <span class=3DGramE>نسمة</span>
حيث تبلغ على
التوالي 33.6% و 32%·=
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoPlainText dir=3DRTL style=3D'text-align:justify;direction:rtl;
unicode-bidi:embed'><span lang=3DAR-SA style=3D'font-size:14.0pt;font-famil=
y:"Times New Roman","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"MS Mincho"'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoPlainText dir=3DRTL style=3D'text-align:justify;direction:rtl;
unicode-bidi:embed'><span lang=3DAR-SA style=3D'font-size:14.0pt;font-famil=
y:"Times New Roman","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"MS Mincho"'>وتقع
أهم المدن
الصغرى
والمتوسطة
الجاذبة
للهجرة
الداخلية،
على الساحل
الأطلسي
وخاصة في
الشريط المم=
78;د
من القنيطرة <sp=
an
class=3DSpellE>الى</span>
الجديدة، كم=
75;
تقع بعض هذه
المدن على
مسافة غير
بعيدة من هذا
الشريط
الساحلي، مث=
04; <span
class=3DSpellE>الخميسات</sp=
an>
وسيدي قاسم
وسيدي سليما=
06;
والقصر
الكبير <span class=3DSpellE>و=
87;طات</span><span
style=3D'mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>الخ</span><span
dir=3DLTR></span><span dir=3DLTR style=3D'font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Tim=
es New Roman","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"MS Mincho"'><span dir=3DLTR></span>
···</span><span lang=3DAR-SA style=3D'font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"MS Mincho"'>=
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoPlainText dir=3DRTL style=3D'text-align:justify;direction:rtl;
unicode-bidi:embed'><span dir=3DLTR style=3D'font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"=
Times New Roman","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"MS Mincho"'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoPlainText dir=3DRTL style=3D'text-align:justify;direction:rtl;
unicode-bidi:embed'><span class=3DGramE><span lang=3DAR-SA style=3D'font-si=
ze:14.0pt;
font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"MS Mincho"'>=
ومن</span></span><span
lang=3DAR-SA style=3D'font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif=
";
mso-fareast-font-family:"MS Mincho"'>
مقارنة معطي=
75;ت
1982 و 1991، يتبين أن
نسبة الذين م=
606;
أصل حضري، وي=
587;كنون
مدنا كبرى قد
ارتفع من 6.88% عا=
05;
1981 <span class=3DSpellE>الى</span> 11.25%
عام 1991، بينما
ارتفعت
نسبتهم في
المدن الصغر=
09;
والمتوسط من 8.1=
5% <span
class=3DSpellE>الى</span> 10.76%·
وتبلغ نسبة
الذين أصلهم
من المدن
الصغرى والم=
78;وسطة
ويسكنون
المدن الكبر=
09;
بين 6.81% و 6.60% ·<span
style=3D'mso-spacerun:yes'>
</span>وتتراوح
نسبة الذين
يسكنون منهم
المدن الصغر=
09;
والمتوسطة م=
06;
9.11% <span class=3DSpellE>الى</span> 11.14% ·
أما الذين من
أصل قروي
ويسكنون
المدن الكبر=
09;
فارتفعت
نسبتهم من 86.31% <span
class=3DSpellE>الى</span> 28.15%
بينما انخفض=
78;
للذين يسكنو=
06;
منهم المدن
الصغرى
والقديمة من 82.=
74 <span
class=3DSpellE>الى</span> 78.09%<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoPlainText dir=3DRTL style=3D'text-align:justify;direction:rtl;
unicode-bidi:embed'><span lang=3DAR-SA style=3D'font-size:14.0pt;font-famil=
y:"Times New Roman","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"MS Mincho"'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoPlainText dir=3DRTL style=3D'text-align:justify;direction:rtl;
unicode-bidi:embed'><span lang=3DAR-SA style=3D'font-size:14.0pt;font-famil=
y:"Times New Roman","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"MS Mincho"'>أحمد <span
class=3DSpellE>تفاسكا</span><o:p></o:p>=
</span></p>
<p class=3DMsoPlainText dir=3DRTL style=3D'text-align:justify;direction:rtl;
unicode-bidi:embed'><b><span lang=3DAR-SA style=3D'font-size:14.0pt;font-fa=
mily:
"Times New Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"MS Mincho"'><o:p> <=
/o:p></span></b></p>
<p class=3DMsoPlainText dir=3DRTL style=3D'text-align:justify;direction:rtl;
unicode-bidi:embed'><span lang=3DAR-SA style=3D'font-size:14.0pt;font-famil=
y:"Times New Roman","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"MS Mincho"'>الأرض
والحياة -
العدد 5 - فبراي=
ر
1994<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoPlainText dir=3DRTL style=3D'text-align:justify;direction:rtl;
unicode-bidi:embed'><b><span lang=3DAR-SA style=3D'font-size:14.0pt;font-fa=
mily:
"Times New Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"MS Mincho"'><o:p> <=
/o:p></span></b></p>
<p class=3DMsoPlainText dir=3DRTL style=3D'text-align:justify;direction:rtl;
unicode-bidi:embed'><b><span lang=3DAR-SA style=3D'font-size:14.0pt;font-fa=
mily:
"Times New Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"MS Mincho"'><o:p> <=
/o:p></span></b></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p>
</div>
</body>
</html>
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